בענין שהחיינו ליל שני ראש השנה
בענין שהחיינו ליל שני ראש השנה
1) The halacha is that by all yomim toivim we make a shehechiyanu on both nights of yom tov. Because we hold that every yom tov is a safek - whether this is the real day or not.
2) There is a machlokes Rishonim regarding R"H if the 2 days of Yom Tov are considered 1 long day or it's considered 2 days. The נפקא מינא is : if you have to say the beracha of shehechiyanu on the 2nd day of R"H. If it's considered one day you wouldn't say shehechiyanu again. However, if it's considered 2 days then you would say shehechiyanu again.
3) The Shulchan Aruch paskens that by kiddush on the 2nd night of R"H one should either wear a new suit or place a new fruit and say shehechiyanu. Which means even if R″H is considered one long day and you wouldn't say shehechiyanu on the 2nd day for the yom tov, then the shehechiyanu would go on the fruit and it wouldn't be ברכה לבטלה.
4) Rav Shlomo Zalman asks a kasha: on a regular friday night- you make kiddush- and you're wearing a new suit- so you make a borei pri hagafen and mekadesh hashabbos and right before you drink - you go ahead and make a shehechiyanu on your new suit- What's the din? it's a hefsek! You can't do that -the halacha would be - that if you would in fact drink the wine after having made your shehechiyanu it would be like drinking with out a beracha.
5) Asks Rav Shlomo Zalman, What have the chachomim accomplished for us over here? If the 2 days of R"H are considered 1 day then the shehechiyanu on the suit is a hefsek so instead of saving us frim a shaila of bracha l'vatala on the account of the shehecheyanu, they created a new sheala, they have created a sheala of hefsek ?because if you don't have to make shehecheyanu on the yom and therefore the shehecheyanu is going on the fruit, the that is a hefsek between the borei pri hagofen and the drinking? ?
6) Says the Magen Avraham, what would be the halacha, if a person made kiddush on what he thought was white wine and after he makes the beracha of borei pri hagafen and mekadesh hashabbos he notices that it's water. Says the magen avraham, you have to say the beracha of mekadesh hashabbos over again because kiddush over water is devarim betailim. Kiddush has to be made over wine. But if you intended to drink wine throughout the meal you do not have to make another borei pri hagafen. Because the borei pri hagafen is going on all the wine.
Asks Rav Akiva Eiger a kasha- if the beracha of mekadesh hashabos doesn't count, then the beracha of mekadesh hashabbos is a hefsek between hagafen and drinking. It's like you talked out after the beracha and you would need to make a new beracha?
8) Says Rav Shlomo Zalman a chiddush, why is it, if you make a beracha and you talk it ruins the beracha? because talking constitutes a hesech hadaas. When you make a beracha your mind can't wander- it can't stray on other matters. (that's called hesech hadaas) therefore, if I made a beracha and talked it's a hesech hadaas and I have to make a new beracha. Says Rav Shlomo Zalman, if a person made a beracha and he thinks he has to make this beracha even if he made a mistake and על פי דין he doesn't have to say it, that is not a hefsek.
9) Example: If one makes the beracha of hamotzi and he sees there is no salt on the table. He's allowed to say "bring me the salt" and it's not considered a hefsek since the salt is for the seuda.
Asks Rav Shlomo Zalman, what is the halacha - if one sits by the table, makes hamoitzi and says "bring me the salt" and the salt is sitting right in front of his nose. Does that constitute a hefsek? Does that constitute a hesech hadaas? says Rav Shlomo Zalman- No. - Why not? because since he thought that he needed the salt he thought he needed to say this that does not constitute a hesech hadaas. That is not mind wandering. איי you didn't need the salt? ans. hesech hadaas doesn't depend on the reality of the situation it depends on what you hold. If you hold, you need this - if you hold that you are allowed to say this - that not a hefsek.
Another example: the halacha is you are not allowed to eat before you feed your animals. the pasuk says 'v'nasati eisev b'sadcha l'vihemtacha then it says v'achalta v'savata" the mechaber paskens if one made hamotzi and he remembered he didn't feed his animal yet, and he was mafsik before he put the bread in his mouth and said to someone go feed my animal, that is not a hefsek because feeding your animal is something you have to do. therefore it's considered l'tzarchei seuda and does not constitute a hesach hadaas.
what happens if a person has a cow for 35 years and yesterday the cow died. he goes ahead as usual and says the bracha of hamotzi and he forgot his cow died and says go feed my cow. they tell him your cow died yesterday. is that a hesach hadaas? no. eventhough you don't have to say feed the cow, because there is no cow. but since he held that you have to say it, because when you said it you forgot the cow was dead. that is not hesach hadaas. hesach hadaas is not dependent on the metzios. it's dependant on your machshava' and if in your mind, you thought that you have to say this that does not constitute hesach hadaas.
10) Says Rav Shlomo Zalman - that why the Magen Avraham is right - when a person made borei pri hagafen then kiddush and it was water . The kiddush is not counted as kiddush. and he doesn't have to make a new borei pri hagafen. Asks R' Akiva Eiger - if kiddush wasn't a kiddush it should constitute as a hesech hadaas? Says Rav Shlomo Zalman, since he thought it was wine he thought he was supposed to make kiddush- that is not a hesech hadaas.
11) Says Rav Shlomo Zalman- if that is true - now we can understand the din of shehechiyanu on R″H. We say on the 2nd night of R"H to take a fruit, because maybe you don't have to make a shehechiyanu on Yom Tov because it's considered one long day. Then what good does it help to take a fruit that would be a hefsek a hesech hadaas between kiddush and drinking the wine?
Says Rav Shlomo Zalman the same thing- since we don't know that it's considered one long day. so the halacha is you need to make a shehechiyanu. And that doesn't have a din of hesech hadaas for the same reason above. (since you hold you have to make a shehecheyanu because of the halacha of Y″T that doesn't have a din of hesach hadaas. like we sais, hesach hadaas isn;t dependant in the reality. comes out we make a shehecheyanu on the 2nd nite of Y"T for Y"T. but since there is a safek whether Y”T needs it. so on the tzad Y”T doesn't need it, the beracha is not I'vatala because the bracha is going on the fruit. maybe you will ask, if Y"T doesn't need it, then shehecheyanu is a hefsek between hagafen and drinking the wine? ans. not a hefsek. since the halacha tells you to make the bracha because of Y″T whether you need it or not, that is not hesach hadaas. hesach hadaas is not dependant in reality. since the halacha says make shehechiyanu and he thinks he has to make it that is not called hesach hadaas.
