Mikveh Suitable for Tevilas Keilim
Keilim Mikveh
43. Most poskim hold that tevilas keilim is de'oraiso (above, 3). Thus, dishes must be toveled in a mikveh which is kosher mide'oraiso. Therefore, every keilim mikveh must be under supervision of a Rov fluent in these halochos who regularly checks its kashrus.
44. Store's mikveh. Sometimes, stores that sell dishes have an attached mikveh. These also require a Rov's supervision; the fact that the owner is shomer Torah and mitzvos is not enough. One should not be uncomfortable asking the storeowner who the Rav Hamachshir of the mikveh is. If there is a demand from the customers, the owner will make sure to get a Rav Hamachshir if he does not already have one.
Tevilas Keilim in a Mikveh Intended for People
45. Before toveling dishes in a mikveh intended for people, one must confirm with the supervising Rov, or at least with the attendant responsible for it, that it is kosher for teviloh de'oraiso, as often times they are not kosher for tevilas keilim (see issue 284 par. 38).
46. One must also be careful not to break glassware in a mikveh or area where people walk. If glass breaks, one must make sure to clean it all up; otherwise, it is a public hazard and his teviloh is a mitzvoh habo'oh ba'aveiroh.
47. Brochoh in a mikveh. When toveling dishes in a mikveh intended for people, one may not make a brochoh if the showers are in the same room as the mikveh (מ"ב סי' פ"ד סק"ד ). He should make the brochoh outside the mikveh, even if it is more than 22 amos away from the mikveh (שו"ת שבט הקהתי ח"ה סי' קמ"ה), and then immediately walk in and tovel his dishes. In this way, his walking is not a hefsek (קו' קיצור הל' טבילת כלים סעיף ע"ד ).
48. If the showers are not in the mikveh room, he may make a brochoh if there is no one – including himself – unclothed present. If there is someone unclothed present, he should turn his face and body in another direction (ס' טבילת כלים פ"ט סי"ג ).
49. When toveling a dish without a brochoh, one may do so even in the presence of someone unclothed; the issue is only with the brochoh, not the actual teviloh (שו"ת ויברך דוד ח"א סי' צ"ז).
