Davening in Order
45. The poskim write at length about the importance of davening in order without skipping anything. The tefilla is like a ladder, based fully on hidden wisdom; thus, one should not skip parts of tefilla because he wants to sleep longer or for other similar reasons that make a person late to shul and need to skip around. Doing this causes the “pipelines to be flipped” [a Kabbalistic concept] and prevents shefa from being brought into this world (מגיד מישרים פ' בהר למרן הב''י ).
46. Thus, l’chatchila it is a mitzva to arise early and come to shul so that one can daven patiently and not need to skip sections of davening and Pesukei d’Zimra in order to daven Shemoneh Esrei with the tzibbur (מ''ב סי' נ''ב סק''א ) or before sof zman tefilla.
Late to Shul
47. B’dieved, if one had no other choice and was late to shul and there is no later minyan for him to daven with, he can skip sections of Pesukei d’Zimra to daven Shemoneh Esrei with the tzibbur or before sof zman tefilla. How to do so depends on how much time he has and the relative importance of the kapitlach, as we will explain.
48. אשרי . Since Baruch She’Amar and Yishtabach are brachos instituted for Pesukei d’Zimra (above, 8-9), they may not be said without saying any of Pesukei d’Zimra in between. Thus, if someone has virtually no time, he can say Baruch She’Amar, Ashrei, and Yishtabach, as Ashrei is the most important of the kapitlach and a main part of Pesukei d’zimra (above, 11). On Shabbos, one must also say Nishmas (מ''ב שם סק''ה ).
49. If one does not even have time for that, Pesukei d’Zimra in its proper order takes precedence over tefilla b’tzibbur (מ''ב שם סק''ו ), as one cannot say Baruch She’Amar and Yishtabach after davening (שו''ע סי' נ''ב ס''א ).
50. “Two hallels.” If one estimates he has a bit more time, he should add “הללו א'ל בקדשו .” If he has a bit more time, he should also add “הללו את ה' מן השמים ” (שו''ע ורמ''א שם ).
51. Six kapitlach. If one estimates he has a bit more time, he should say all six kapitlach, i.e., from Ashrei through “כל הנשמה ” (שו''ע שם ).
52. ויברך דוד . If there is more time, one should add to the above “ויברך דוד ” through “לשם תפארתך ” (מג''א, מ''ב סק''ד ).
53. הודו . If one estimates there is more time, he should first say “הודו” until “והוא רחום.”
54. Skipped, then had more time. If one skips and reaches Yishtabach and then realizes he has more time, he can make up what he missed before Yishtabach even though it will be said out of order. One may even make up missed parts between Yishtabach and the first bracha of Yotzer (מעורר ישנים ס''ק קפ''ג ).
Finishing After Davening
55. Skipped all of Pesukei d’Zimra. If one completely skipped Pesukei d’Zimra and did not say any of it before Shemoneh Esrei, he must make it up after davening, just without Baruch She’Amar and Yishtabach (שו''ע סי' נ''ב סק''א ).
56. Skipped parts. However, if one said part of Pesukei d’Zimra and just skipped part of it, as he was supposed to do (above, 48), there is no chiyuv to make up the missed parts (מ''ב סי' רפ''א סק''ג ). Nevertheless, it is a proper and correct thing to do if one has the time. If one is concerned about the opinion of the poskim that one should not make personal requests and then say Hashem’s praises (ב''ח סי' נ''ב, ערוה''ש ס''ה ), he can make up the missed parts with the kavana that he is just reading the Torah (אורח נאמן סק''ב ). However, if one has somewhat of an oneis or is busy learning, he can be meikel not to make up what he missed (שו''ת אז נדברו ח''ג סי' מ''ה ).
