Parshas Shoftim discusses establishing judges and a system of law. We are not to bend the law to suit our needs, even if we think we are being altruistic and kind to a pauper. This reaffirms our recognition that we cannot understand the ways of G-d; the age-old question of “tzaddik v’ra lo,” the suffering of the righteous. There is a purpose to all, even if we don’t see it.
There is a notable word used in connection both with judges and with those come to seek the law from judges. The word is “v’darashta,” and you shall delve and inquire. It is used regarding judges who hear that someone sinned. They must inquire diligently before rendering judgment.
It is also used regarding one who has a situation for which he needs guidance. He is to seek out the ruling from the leaders in his day and follow their direction. The important lesson here is that we cannot assume our beliefs or impressions are correct, nor rely on stock rulings and pat answers. In order to live according to the Torah, one must truly wish to seek the answers and put effort into understanding.
Whether leaders or followers, the need to delve, reflect and inquire never ceases. We never get to a point where we don’t need to ask.
This Parsha contains many guidelines for judges. They may not alter or direct the ruling, nor may they give the impression that they are doing so. In fact, they may not even take a payment in order to rule justly.
The word for such a payment, also known as a bribe, is “shochad.” The root of the word, according to Kesubos 105b, is the word, ‘chad,’ meaning one. (Chad gadya, anyone?) One who takes a bribe comes to share one heart with the giver, thus he will push the verdict in his favor. Not only money, but even words, can work in this fashion to skew one’s perspective, thus rendering him unfit to be an impartial judge.
It is possible that one may even bribe himself, with his ego, to view himself as more righteous or virtuous than he truly is. This is in line with the words of Chazal, “A person may not see his own blemishes.”
We constantly make judgment calls in our daily lives, both regarding others and in our self-assessment. It is essential that we not allow personal motives to twist our vision. Even objectivity can be subjective.
Instead, we must use the prism of Torah to see clearly and do what is right. Then, we join with the “Echad,” Hashem, Himself, who is the True Judge.
